This is a historic, original J.B. Moore Navajo textile with rare salt and pepper work dating to circa 1900-1920 from the ex-collection of Ned Tanen Santa Monica, CA; a prominent Bozeman, MT collection and John Moran Auction as well as reference to a rug in literature. This is a finely woven textile in red, salt and pepper (extremely unique and rare), black, and cream / white with two central sawtooth diamonds surrounded by floating hooked motifs and sawtooth bands to center edges, with design elements by JB Moore 1911 catalog plate 19. The condition of this Navajo rug is in overall good condition with dust accumulation and typical signs of wear commensurate with age and use. Issues include, but not limited to: a few scattered small stains, small area of loose weave and stitch loss to one sawtooth area, a small hole to one short edge with breaks to warps and loose weave, the other short edge with a separation of cord and loose weave, and a few small areas of moth grazing. Velcro applied to one short edge. The measurements of this rug is 73" x 46 1/2". The thread count is 336 threads per square inch. Provenance: The Collection of Ned Tanen, Santa Monica, CA. (previously Sold from John Moran Auctions for $8,890.00.
Literature: A similar design illustrated: JB Moore, "The Catalogues of Fine Navajo Blankets, Rugs, Ceremonial Baskets, Silverware, Jewelry & Curios 1903 & 1911" (Albuquerque: Avanyu Publishing, Inc., 1987), 62, pl XIX [19].
"Very little is known of John B. Moore as an individual other than that he was a native of Sheridan, Wyoming, bought an interest in the trading post at Washington Pass, N.M. (also known as Cottonwood Pass) in 1896 and abruptly left the Navajo Reservation in the autumn of 1911. What we can gather about him as a person and a trader comes from [his] catalogs, leaflets and the report which are printed here [in the above publication]."
The Crystal Trading Post, established in 1896, was located on the Navajo Reservation in far western New Mexico, high up in the Chuska Mountains. In 1897, JB Moore purchased the entire interest in the post and renamed it "Crystal" after a "pure and sparkling mountain spring that ran by the post."
The remoteness of the Crystal area and the fact that winter business was fairly limited led Moore to issue mail order catalogs in 1903 and 1911, selling Navajo rugs to people in the eastern United States. These catalogs allowed a buyer to choose specific designs and wool quality. Printed images of the rug designs - called plates - appeared in the catalogs, and the weavings that resulted from them are now known as plate rugs and are highly collectible.
Moore had a strong interest in Navajo weaving and was "instrumental in promoting a bordered rug style, more suited to the tastes of Anglo buyers." Early Navajo Crystal rugs from the 1903 catalog were often made from natural hand-spun wool yarn and featured traditional Navajo weaving patterns common in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Later Crystal rugs from the 1911 catalog featured patterns reminiscent of classic oriental rugs, with geometric motifs such as hooks, "waterbugs," frets, "airplanes," and chevrons, and were often woven with brighter aniline-dyed wools as well as the natural colored hand-spun wool.
Moore's interest in Navajo weaving seemed to include respect for the weavers, as in the catalogs the weavers are mentioned by name and captions to their portraits indicate that the women designed certain rugs. It seems likely that there was collaboration between Moore and his master weavers, with Moore providing patterns and ideas and "the women using their own skill and good taste to reinterpret his suggestions." He repeatedly emphasized the quality of the materials his weavers used and the limited range of colors. He seemed "especially proud of the grays his weavers achieved, [indicating] how difficult it is to produce a fine, even tone through carding of black and white wool together."
Marian Rodee (Curator of Collections, Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico)
Sources: Marian Rodee, "Introduction," in "JB Moore, The Catalogues of Fine Navajo Blankets, Rugs, Ceremonial Baskets, Silverware, Jewelry & Curios 1903 & 1911" (Albuquerque: Avanyu Publishing, Inc., 1987), 1-4.