1791 Announcement of a Treaty between the U.S. and the Cherokee Nation

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Aug 21, 2021

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• Lot Description
  Federal Period
  1791 Treaty Between the U.S. and the Cherokee Nation
  December 3, 1791-Dated Federal Period, Newspaper titled, COLUMBIAN CENTINEL, Announcing a Treaty with the Cherokee Nation, with 41 Cherokee names listed, Very Fine.
  This important historic Newspaper measures 17.75" x 10.75 and includes a front page devoted almost entirely to the recently enacted Treaty between the United States and the Cherokee Indian Tribe, negotiated by William Blount, Signed twice in print by George Washington as President. In the upper left column of this four page newspaper is the Proclamation by the President announcing the Treaty and encouraging all Americans to honor it. The rest of the first column and the second and third columns include the text and terms of the Treaty. Most of the fourth column is a list of the signatories, including 41 Cherokee Indians. Like many treaties the U.S. government negotiated with the Indians, this one was eventually broken. Article IV established the boundaries between the U.S. and the Cherokees, and Article VII "solemnly" guaranteed to the Cherokee nation "all their lands not hereby ceded," and Article VIII stated that any U.S. citizen who settled on Cherokee land would forfeit the protection of the United States.
  The rest of the paper is devoted to the usual news, correspondence, and advertisements, all of which are interesting reads in themselves. The overall condition of this newspaper is good, with some foxing scattered about. The two leaves were once separated but were rejoined long ago with a long strip of paper that serves its purpose adequately.
  This newspaper copy belonging to Dr. John Goddard (1756-1829) as noted at top left. John Goddard was born to John and Hannah Goddard November 12, 1756, in Brookline, Massachusetts. John graduated from Harvard College in 1777, where he was an esteemed scholar. He began studying for the medical profession in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. However, his health failed him. He spent time in the apothecary business, and as a Purser in the Continental Army, before becoming a Surgeon on one of America's Armed Vessels. He was captured and taken to West Indies where he almost died of fever. After he was freed, he was captured again, and again almost died of fever. Finally he safely arrived home in 1780, at twenty four years of age. At that point he settled in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where he was active as a physician.
  The Treaty of Holston (or Treaty of the Holston) was a treaty between the United States government and the Cherokees signed on July 2, 1791, and proclaimed on February 7, 1792. It was negotiated and signed by William Blount, governor of the Southwest Territory and superintendent of Indian affairs for the southern district for the United States, and various representatives of the Cherokee peoples, most notably John Watts.
  The treaty established terms of relations between the United States and the Cherokee, and established that the Cherokee tribes were to fall under the protection of the United States, with the United States managing all future foreign affairs for all the loosely affiliated Cherokee tribes.
  
  
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