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Nov 17, 2017 - Nov 18, 2017
Cabinet card photograph of Charles William Larned with Pach's West Point and New York backmark, identified in pencil on verso.
Following graduation from the US Military Academy in 1870, Charles Larned was posted to the 7th US Cavalry in October. By 1873 Larned was a veteran of tough frontier service on the plains of Kansas and of reconstruction duty in the South.
Contrary to Larned's belief that the Indians would not dare show themselves and attack the powerful column, the warriors did just that, striking elements of Custer's regiment on August 4 and again on August 11. Larned participated in the August 11 encounter on the Big Horn River and wrote of it in detail, beginning with his arrival at the river on August 10: "At early dawn on the l0th our efforts to cross commenced, and it was not until 4 in the afternoon that they were reluctantly relinquished, after every expedient had been resorted to in vain."
Camping along the river for the night, Larned and his fellow troopers would be in for a rude awakening the next morning: "Just at daylight our slumbers were broken by a sharp volley of musketry from the opposite bank, accompanied by shouts and yells that brought us to our feet in an instant. As far up the river as we could see, clouds of dust announced the approach of our slippery foes, while the rattling volleys from the opposite woods, and the "zip, zip" of the balls about our ears told us that there were a few evil disposed persons close by."
For some time Larned and the cavalrymen lay low near the river, then fell back and took up a more defensible position near a line of bluffs. A detachment of sharpshooters were sent out to reply to the Indians fire; they were forced to fall back when the Sioux warriors began to cross the river. Here Larned continues his story:
"Just at this moment General Custer rode up to the line, followed by a bright guidon, and made rapid disposition for the defense. Glad we were that the moment for action had arrived, and that we were to stand no longer quietly and grimly in line of battle to be shot at. One platoon of the first squadron on the left was move rapidly up the bluffs, and thrown out in skirmish line on the summit, to hold the extreme left. The remainder of the squadron followed as quickly as it could be deployed, together with one troop of the Fourth Squadron."
Describing the climax of the battle Larned writes, "On they came as before, 500 or 600 in number, screaming and yelling as usual, right into the line before they saw it. At the same moment the regimental band, which had been stationed in a ravine just in rear, struck up 'Garry Owen.' The men set up a responsive shout, and a rattling volley swept the whole line. The fight was short and sharp just here, the Indians rolling back after the first fire and shooting from a safer distance. In twenty minutes the squadrons were mounted and ordered to charge. Our evil-disposed friends tarried no longer, but fled incontinently before the pursuing squadrons. We chased them eight miles and over the river, only returning when the last Indian had gotten beyond our reach."
In this fight, the sharpest during the Yellowstone expedition, one trooper was killed, three wounded and an estimated forty Indians were killed or wounded.
Completing its mission, the expedition returned to Fort Abraham Lincoln in late September, and shortly thereafter Larned was detached to Washington, DC to serve as aide-do-camp to President Ulysses Grant. In August 1874 he was assigned to duty at West Point as Assistant Professor of Drawing and was still on duty there when his regiment was nearly wiped out at the Little Bighorn. Promoted 1st lieutenant, 7th Cavalry, to date June 25, 1876, Larned was named Professor of Drawing at West Point one month later, replacing the retiring Robert W. Weir. He would remain in this position for the remainder of his career.
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