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THBBattle of Chancellorsville, Secretarial Civil War Letter Issued by Major Philo B. Buckingham, 1863
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LiveJun 26, 2020
Cowan's Auctions is delighted to present the June 26 American Historical Ephemera and Photography Auction, including 55 lots devoted to the African American experience, over 175 lots dating from the Civil War Era, and more than 60 lots documenting life in the American West. Cowan's Auctions dawnie@cowans.com
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Battle of Chancellorsville, Secretarial Civil War Letter Issued by Major Philo B. Buckingham, 1863
Buckingham, Philo B. (1820-after 1870). Major Commanding Head Quarters 20th Connecticut Volunteers, 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 12th Corps. Near Stafford Court House, VA. May 7, 1863. 7pp, approx. 8 x 12 in. Addressed to the Adjutant General State of Connecticut, Brigadier General D. Williams. Report of operations April 27 - May 7, 1863. They marched to Kelly's Ford on the Rappahannock River, and camped near Hartwood Church. They crossed Kelly's Ford two days later and headed for Germania Ford on the Rapidan. They camped for the night and resumed the march to Chancellorsville the following day, arriving about 8 pm when it was put in position on a line with General Geary's forces and the 145th NYV.
The battle began with shelling May 1st. On Saturday they advanced a short distance, but were ultimately forced to retreat when they were nearly surrounded by the enemy on Sunday. "It was behind the barricades and during the time the regiment was falling back through the woods that our entire loss occurred. The men after leveing [sic] the barricades, were subjected not only to the fire of shot and shell from the ememys artillery, but to a cross fire of infantry."
He then goes through a list of the wounded, captured, etc. Lieutenant Colonel Wooster (who was commanding) was wounded and presumed captured; 2nd Lieutenant David Griffith (Co. F) - killed; Captain Charles J. Arms - wounded; Captain Ezra Dickerson - wounded; 2nd Lieutenant Geo. Sherman (Co. C) - wounded; Captain Wilbur Smith (C0. C) - wounded and captured; Captain Henry Pardeed (Co. F) - captured; 1st Lieutenant Andrew Upson (Co. E.) - supposed captured; Sergeant Major John Root - KIA; Assistant Surgeon Dan Jewett - captured; another 30 - 40 captured, but escaped when the enemy retreated.
In all fifteen were killed, 61 wounded and 92 missing. "During the succeeding days it can be said that the officers and men preformed [sic] there [sic] full share of all duties assined [sic] them both with alacrity and cheerfulness, wheather [sic] the duty consisted in building barricades, or standing night and day behind them, watching and waiting for the attack of the enemy." On Wednesday, they recrossed the Rappahannock and returned to camp near Stafford Court House.
Signed Philo B. Buckingham. Addendum added that Colonel Samuel Ross was admitted to the hospital with a leg wound and 1st Lieutenant Ambrose Beardsley was captured returning from detached duty. Both sheets signed also by J.B. Buckley, Adjutant of 20th CT Volunteers.
Some historians consider Chancellorsville one of Lee's finest battles from a strategic point of view. It was certainly one of his most audacious. Facing a Union force of double the numbers he had available, he divided his forces and still effected a win. This may have also emboldened him in the planning of the Gettysburg campaign just two months later. Chancellorsville would not be an easy victory, however. May 3 was the second bloodiest day of the war, after Antietam. The dead at Chancellorsville were divided equally between Union and Confederate forces, but the losses were harder for Lee to ultimately overcome. - Shipping Info
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