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Sep 8, 2017 - Sep 9, 2017
Pennsylvania Packet or The General Advertiser. Philadelphia, PA: Printed and Sold by John Dunlap, November 4, 1779. 4pp, 10.5 x 16.5 in.
A rare issue of the Pennsylvania Packet addressing gender identity in late 18th century France.
A second page report from Paris discusses Chevalier d'Éon (1728-1810), a French diplomat, spy, freemason, and soldier who fought in the Seven Years' War and had androgynous physical characteristics, identifying and dressing as a female for the last 33 years of his life. Predating the gender identity debates in America by 235 years, the article reports:"Mademoiselle D'Éon Chevalier de St. Louis (who was some years ago employed in a public character in London from France, and concerning whose sex there was great speculation and many bets laid and finally a judicial trial in the courts of law) has lately written a letter to Count de Maurepas, the French Minister, praying him to procure his Majesty's permission that she may continue her military services, and representing that as there is no war at land, she wishes to serve as volunteer on board the fleet of Count D'Orvilliers. 'I can,' says she, 'in obedience to the orders of my Prince, remain in time of peace in my petticoats, but in time of war, I find it impossible. I am chagrined to death, at this time, to find myself restrained, when I might serve my country with a zeal, courage and experience derived from God and my own industry.' She was ordered to retire to a small village where she was born."
Dispatches from Stockholm report that the British Navy is harassing Swedish ships, "in spite of solemn treaties'It seems to have become the law of the English, that no nation shall enjoy safety, tranquility and free navigation, whom she shall please to disturb. They have plundered from our vessels their provisions, papers and the private property and cloaths of the crews and passengers." The Deputies of Trade are asking the King of Sweden to open the North Sea ports to privateers to combat the English "violences."
News from London reveals that the English believe that the combined fleets of France and Spain will first attack Gibraltar followed by an invasion of England and Ireland. On August 26 "The King's intention to take the field in case of an invasion is very certain; his Majesty's baggage being all got ready for his departure at a moments warning."
The reports from Boston liberally criticize the Ministry in London. "It makes a free republican of America smile, to see the slavish adulation that is paid by the Britons' to a King who has brought their nation to the brink of ruin. Despotism is completely established there as it was in Rome. The admirers of liberty have only to hope for a happy retreat to the Free States of America."
Light staining along central vertical fold, as well as margins. Few areas of slight separations near central vertical fold. Few short tears along perimeter of each page.
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