Pre-Columbian, Mexico, Oaxaca, Monte Alban, Zapotec culture, ca. 100 BCE to 200 CE. A finely-sculpted pottery incensario (incense-burning vessel) with a cylindrical body and a planar base. Projecting from the vessel is the head of an abstract zoomorphic deity with a conical snout, lozenge-shaped eyes surrounded by raised lids, tab-shaped ears with small piercings, and a puffy upper lip which stretches around the mouth. A pair of curved arms arch between the body and base, and the head is adorned with a paddle-shaped headdress boasting an intriguing incised linear and impressed motif. The exterior of the vessel is covered in pale-orange slip, and faint traces of red pigmentation on the nose suggest this vessel was at one time painted with vivid pigmentation. Size: 5.5" W x 8.125" H (14 cm x 20.6 cm)
The Zapotec, like many pre-Columbian civilizations, placed clay effigies into burials, often in the form of urns or vessels. Who are the figures depicted on vessels like this one, and what was their purpose? They may represent the deities themselves or magical spirits, but more likely, they seem to represent ancestors or shamans impersonating gods.
Provenance: private Southern California, USA collection, acquired in the 1970s to mid-1980s
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#144521
Condition
Repairs to both arms with small chips and light adhesive residue along break lines. Minor chips and abrasions to base, body, figural details, and rim, with losses to front teeth beneath lip, fading to original pigmentation, and light encrustations. Nice earthen deposits and root marks throughout. Faint traces of red pigmentation on nose. Old inventory number written in red ink atop white paint on base.