Pre-Columbian, Gulf Coast Mexico, Vera Cruz, ca. 3rd to 7th century CE. A wonderfully expressive terracotta sonriente figure that also functions as an ocarina, with a mouthpiece at the top of the head and a hole low on its back for emitting sound. Sonrientes, or "smiling faces" are the most famous sculptural works from this period in Veracruz (known as Remojadas for its keystone archaeological site). A quintessential example of this type, the figure depicts a wide childlike face - smiling so as to reveal filed teeth. Contributing further to its appearance, the figure also wears traditional jewelry - pointed ear ornaments as well as a special pectoral with delicately carved cowrie shells flanking a bell-like pendant; interestingly cowrie shells are native to Africa and the Pacific coast and were likely traded to the indigenous of Veracruz. Additionally, his visage is topped by an elaborate headdress with incised spiraled motifs and a central relief band that is incised with vertical striations. Twin bas relief horizontal bands adorn his chest, and finally, a loincloth is wrapped around his lower body. What's more, the ocarina produces a lovely musical sound! Size: 6.75" W x 11.375" H (17.1 cm x 28.9 cm); 11.75" H (29.8 cm) on included custom stand.
Smiling faces are very rare in most of Mesoamerican art: however, Remojadas and the surrounding area are known for these Sonrientes figures. This has prompted a mystery for archaeologists to solve. Why that smile? Well some scholars believe that it was hallucinogenically produced perhaps by ingesting alcoholic pulque, while others including Miller and Taube suggest that the smiling figures were actually performers. (See Miller and Taube , The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya. London: Thames and Hudson, 1993, p. 10.)
For a stylistically-similar Sonriente example, please see The Metropolitan Museum of Art (accession number 1979.206.561).
Provenance: private West Palm Beach, Florida, USA collection
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#146062
Condition
Repaired from about 6 pieces with restored loin cloth and right hand and restoration over the breaklines. Normal surface wear with nicks to high-pointed areas. Amazing root marks on back of the head/headdress. Nice mineral deposits on the verso. An ocarina as well, the figure produces a musical tone as well.