Ancient Egypt, New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, reign of Amenhotep III, ca. 1388 to 1351 BCE. A lovely scarab formed from sodalite-based paste glass of ovoid form exhibiting a fragmentary clypeus, a bulging thorax, gently incised elytra with triangular notches along the top, and thick legs tucked beneath the body. The eyes are inset with petite gold pins that create a wondrous visual effect against the cobalt blue glass, and the entire insect is surrounded by a 66.81% gold setting featuring 3 cylindrical string tubes. The underside of the scarab is incised with several hieroglyphs including a sun disk, 2 figures facing each other, and a hebsed symbol. When translated the hieroglyphs read, "Anx nb-mAat-re nb Hb-sds/Hb(.w)-sd" or "May Neb-maat-re live, the master of the Sed-festival(s)." The name Neb-maat-re is the prenomen of Pharaoh Amenhotep III. This scarab was likely buried with a mummified individual based on the brown-hued darkening of the blue paste glass. Size: 1.27" L x 1.23" W x 0.57" H (3.2 cm x 3.1 cm x 1.4 cm); gold quality: 66.81% (equivalent to 15K+)
Scarabs were important symbols in ancient Egypt, as the beetle was believed to represent a divine manifestation of the morning sun, the deity Khepri, whose name was comprised of the scarab hieroglyph and was understood to roll the morning sun disk over the eastern horizon precisely at daybreak. Amulets of the scarab were immensely popular for over a thousand years in ancient Egypt, as the scarab was a symbol with immense staying power, akin to that of the Christian cross. Scarabs were worn and carried by the living, and by the time of the Late Dynastic Period, they had also become part of the increasingly elaborate ensemble of items placed with the deceased for their eternal protection. The blue hues of the paste glass shown here were intended to symbolize the regenerative powers imbued within the waters of the Nile River.
Provenance: private Southern California collection, USA, bestowed 2006; ex-private Los Angeles, California, USA collection, acquired before 2006; ex-Hesperia Auction, New York, USA, November 27, 1990, Lot 59, # 10
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#170610
Condition
Both the scarab and the gold components are ancient; no modern materials are present. Loss to one gold string tube on one side of gold setting as shown. Chipping and damage to scarab's clypeus, with softening to some finer details and hieroglyphs, light encrustations within some hieroglyphs and around bezel border and eyes, otherwise in great condition. Nice preservation to most hieroglyphs. Old inventory number written in red pigment on side of gold setting.