Ancient Near East, Mesopotamia, Middle Babylonian Period, ca. 1595 to 1155 BCE. A large and nicely-preserved terracotta administrative document that catalogues barley rations distributed in the city of Tukulti-Ekur (near Nippur) from a staple of one year during the 19th year of an unnamed king's reign. The tablet has rounded peripheral sides and a relatively flat top and bottom, with twenty-five lines of cuneiform text inscribed with a sharpened reed or stylus just before kilning. This document is a wonderful insight into how material goods were logged and kept on track along the ancient trading routes of ancient Babylon. Size: 2.875" W x 3.55" H (7.3 cm x 9 cm).
This cuneiform tablet is one of the roughly 2 million known; of these, between 30,000 and 100,000 have been translated. The earliest translations came in 1836 from the work of French scholar Eugene Burnouf, and by the 1850s multiple scholars were able to produce similar translations, meaning the language had been deciphered. Similar to many other known cuneiform tablets, this one is concerned with property and material allocation. Cuneiform tablets seem to have been used mainly as a way of tabulating economic concerns. Although it might be more romantic to imagine that these tablets discussed the doings of kings and gods, from a historical standpoint, it is much more interesting to learn about the daily transactions of humanity's first great urban center.
This piece has been tested using thermoluminescence (TL) and has been found to be ancient and of the period stated. A full report will accompany purchase.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#132496
Condition
Surface wear and minor abrasions commensurate with age, a few small and stable hairline fissures near bottom on one side, light fading to cuneiform characters, and some minor chips on corners and around peripheries. Light earthen deposits throughout. Two TL-test drill holes on bottom and near one top corner.