Near East, the Levant, Canaanite people, Middle Bronze Age IIA, ca. 1950 to 1750 BCE. A rare solid bronze cast goddess votive figure, flat cast. The female figure is extremely stylized and flat: the volumes are limited to a set of simple geometric shapes, overlapped one another without really forming a homogeneous composition. Abstraction and simplification are the characteristics that make this figure very modern. Her head is a disk, flat on the back but provided with a nose in the shape of a raptor’s beak, with a horizontal notch for the mouth; two buttons in relief indicate the eyes. The cylindrical neck is adorned with a thick necklace punctuated by diagonal incisions: the long elliptical arms (the hands are placed on the lower abdomen) encircle the triangular chest. The lower body is in the shape of a very elongated drop, with rounded thighs and a simple incision to mark the separation between the legs. Size: 2.8" W x 6.7" H (7.1 cm x 17 cm); 7.5" H (19 cm) on included custom stand.
Archaeologically, this image should be related to the large production of small bronzes originating in the Syrian (coastal region, Bekaa Valley, internal Syria) and Palestinian world of the 2nd millennium B.C., which represented both men and women with more or less accurate or stylized contours. Although their iconography is not always understandable, it is believed that these bronzes would represent deities or deceased sovereigns, have the role of worship images for small shrines or be simple ex-votos for a deity.
Our example can certainly be linked to one of the most ancient and famous groups of northern Syria, whose most signifi cant features are a fl at body with geometric shapes and a “bird’s beak” face. Despite the stylization and the lack of relief, the sexual connotation of the female bronzes belonging to this series is strongly accentuated.
The plastic breasts, the incised pubis, the hips and buttocks with their circular contour leave no doubt concerning the close relationship of this statuette with fertility and fecundity beliefs: even though many interpretive problems still remain, the stylistic and thematic comparison with the contemporary Paleo-Syrian glyptics suggests that fi gures of this group would be images of a deity, probably Astarte-Ishtar, the great Near Eastern goddess of love and war.
A very similar goddess figure sold for $242,500 at Christie's New York - June 8, 2012, Lot 43.
This piece is accompanied by a digital Art Loss Register certificate.
Provenance: private New York, USA collection, acquired on the German Art Market in 1990
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#152806
Condition
Intact with surface wear commensurate with age, including some tiny scratches and nicks as well as pitting on the surface, notably on the chest. The patina has been cleaned from the eyes. Rich deposits and a great deep green and turquoise patina.