Pre-Columbian, Central Mexico, Teotihuacan, ca. 450 to 650 CE. How lovely! An exemplary Teotihuacan mask sculpted from serpentine in rich hues of midnight green, olivine, and sage, and presenting a characteristic angular visage with bold features. The engaging vizard boasts an elongated face comprised of recessed, ovoid eyes with drilled tear ducts beneath gracefully arched brows, a slender nasal bridge, a broad nose with delineated nostrils, and raised cheekbones. Held open as though mid-speech, the expressive mouth displays a bowed upper lip and fleshy lower lip. An elongated, rectangular ear is shown on 1 side of the face, featuring an annular drill hole for suspending ornaments. The naturalistic jaw is contrasted by the forehead which exhibits sharp angles and a straight top. A drill hole on the verso would have helped attach this mask to another object, perhaps a sculpture of a human or deity. Size: 4.1" W x 6.4" H (10.4 cm x 16.3 cm); 9.3" H (23.6 cm) on included custom stand.
The sacred city of Teotihuacan ("the place where the gods were created") was at one time the largest city in the Pre-Columbian world. It was famous for its pyramids (Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon) as well as the Great Compound with the Temple of Quetzalcoatl (aka Temple of the Plumed Serpent) that punctuated the Avenue of the Dead.
Stone masks like this example are perhaps the best-known works of Teotihuacan art. According to scholars, they are believed to have been part of funerary furniture; however, no masks have been found in burial chambers. Instead, archaeologists have discovered them in the vicinity of temples and complexes along the Avenue of the Dead. Some speculate that they may have been attached to wooden armatures in temples to represent deities on their journey to achieving godhood.
Cf. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 00.5.1437, 1987.394.721, Cleveland Museum of Art, 1990.229, 1950.409, Baltimore Museum of Art, 1984.233, Saint Louis Art Museum, 5:1948, Palazzo Pitti, gemme 1921 no. 284, and Yale University Art Gallery, 1980.13.12.
Provenance: ex-Nancy and Dr. E.F. Simpson collection, Los Angeles, California, USA, acquired from Malter Gallery 1993
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#172283
Condition
Losses to proper right side of forehead, brow, eye, cheekbone, and ear. Stable hairline fissures to upper left forehead, right cheek, and lower left chin. Minor chip to top of forehead. Some areas of miniscule chips and nicks to forehead, nose, and cheeks. Abraded surfaces to verso. Otherwise, excellent with nice preservation of details and light earthen deposits in areas. Collection label on verso.