Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 2nd century CE. Cast via the lost wax (cire perdue) process, a bronze relief bust of Bacchus (Greek Dionysos) - god of wine, theatre, and rapture - presented with his head turned toward his left, wearing a billowing garment with finely delineated folds of drapery cascading down from the trimline on his left side and an outer garment with animal fur knotted atop the right shoulder. The god of wine is depicted in his youth with idealized features - openwork eyes that probably held inlays, arched brows, an aquiline nose, slightly parted lips, a rounded chin, and fleshy apple cheeks - crowned by wavy locks of hair and a garland adorned with a grape cluster and leaves at the center as well as a larger grape cluster by the right ear. The god appear to be stretching his neck as he turns his head; note how the sculptor even provides a sense of the skeletal framework beneath his skin. Size: 3.625" L x 8.125" W x 10.75" H (9.2 cm x 20.6 cm x 27.3 cm); 11.375" H (28.9 cm) on included custom stand.
The cult of Bacchus was immensely popular in ancient Rome, and images of the god signified the freedom created by wine, music, and ecstatic dance. This piece was most likely intended for a furniture ensemble, or to be displayed in a cabinet or recessed in a niche or wall.
This piece was analyzed by Art Conservation Scientist John Twilley and is accompanied by his report (February 28, 2019). The report includes an extensive analysis of the metal and casting characteristics. Twilley provides a very detailed report of the technical traits which demonstrate that the piece is an ancient Roman work from the 2nd century CE.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection; ex-collection of William Froelich, New York, Saba (Caribbean), and California, 1965; accompanied by report from Art Conservation Scientist John Twilley (February 28, 2019)
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Condition
Chips to the center lower edge and small loss at the top rear of head. Missing grape cluster by left ear and curl of hair adjacent to grape cluster by right ear. Otherwise, the bust relief is complete. One area of restoration covers the point of the chin. Some stable cracks at lower edge. Amazing patina that is bright green and red in places. Professionally cleaned.