Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 4th century CE. A spectacular mosaic depicting a remarkably realistic head, perhaps belonging to a deity, with an elaborate leafy crown. Painstakingly created from thousands of stone tesserae, the visage is skillfully rendered with incredibly naturalistic features, so as to provide a sense of three dimensionality and life! Every detail is presented - the pupils, irises, lids of the eyes; the shadows cast by that noble aquiline nose and browline, the philtrum above those full lips, that rounded jutting chin, and the full contours of his cheeks and forehead. Size: 29" W x 24.5" H (73.7 cm x 62.2 cm); 31.875" W x 27.875" H (81 cm x 70.8 cm) with matrix and metal frame
The face alone is created with a spectrum of colored tesserae - peach, russet, cream, crimson, salmon, umber, sienna and more. Then there is the elaborate wreath upon her golden locks - comprised of tesserae of mesmerizing hues as well - dove grey, slate, jet, chocolate brown, creamy white, tawny beige, russet, and more.
Mosaics (opus tesellatum) are some of our most enduring images from the Roman world, exciting not only for their aesthetic beauty, but also because they reveal what Romans chose to depict and see every day decorating their private and public spaces. In the Roman province of Syria, which encompassed most of the ancient Near East/Levant, mosaics developed as a common art form relatively late, with most finds coming from the 3rd century CE or later. Syria was one of Rome's wealthiest provinces, but it was also far removed from Rome itself and Roman culture was overlaid on enduring cultural traditions from Hellenistic Greece and the great civilizations that came before it. Antioch-on-the-Orontes (modern day Antakya, Turkey), was the capital of northern Roman Syria, and its excavations in the 1930s revealed more than three hundred mosaic pavements - of which many embellished public baths. Popular mosaic themes from this region were often mythological or religious scenes, depicting gods and goddesses; however, sometimes mosaics were created to fit the theme of a building or room.
Cf. mosaic in Souweida Museum, Syria, found in Shahba, ancient Philippopolis. See Janine Balty, "Mosaiques Antiques de Syrie", 1977, no. 7.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection; ex-Judy Cowan Collection, New York City, USA, 1970's; Ms. Cowan was a missionary in Lebanon in Syria in the 1960's to 1970's.
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#146820
Condition
A section from a larger mosaic. Normal surface wear with some nicks and fissures to tesserae as expected, but the composition is overwhelmingly strong. Set in a modern matrix with a metal frame to secure. Hardware for suspension from a wall on the verso.