Roman, late Republic to early Imperial Period, ca. 1st century BCE to 1st century CE. A cast-bronze steelyard scale known as a "statera" consisting of a rectangular beam with conical terminals, two lengthy chains with hooks hanging from an elongated loop attached to a balustrade-terminal carabiner, and a trio of smaller chains suspended on the other end. Steelyard balances were used to weigh loads by moving a counterweight along the beam until it balanced and then its weight was read. Fine patina in sage-green, brown, and citrine hues enshrouds each component. Size: 14.4" L x 15.875" H (36.6 cm x 40.3 cm); 16" H (40.6 cm) on included custom stand.
Steelyard balances were used to weigh loads by moving a counterweight along the beam until it balanced and then reading the incised numeral. Vitruvius describes them and their function in his "De Architectura", Book X, 3-4.
A stylistically-similar example with a figural counterweight hammered for GBP 4,000 ($5,095.56) at Christie's, London, South Kensington Antiquities auction (sale 5399, April 30, 2008, lot 33): https://www.christies.com/lotfinder/Lot/a-late-roman-bronze-steelyard-balance-and-5060684-details.aspx
Provenance: private New York, New York, USA collection; ex-Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger, Germany, auction 283 (2012, lot # 1079); ex-private Bavarian collection
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#143591
Condition
Minor nicks to balance beam, chains, and hooks, with light encrustations, and slight bending to overall form of some components, otherwise intact and excellent. Nice earthen deposits and fabulous patina throughout.