Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 1st to 4th century CE. A large cast-bronze chariot rein guide with decorative swan heads and necks forming its arms around a wide, tapering column capped by a hemispherical dome with a raised flower in the center. The stylized swans are defined by impressed almond-shaped eyes set on a bulbous head, crested beaks, and carefully-incised striations to emulate feathers down each head and neck. The hollow column enables the guide to be placed on top of a chariot, and a drilled hole on the base allows it to be fastened. Reins would be fed through the curves of the swans' necks before passing through individual terrets (guide rings) for each horse. Size: 5.375" W x 3.625" H (13.7 cm x 9.2 cm).
Roman chariots were not used for warfare, but instead in circuses and in triumphal processions. As a result, elaborate attachments like this became de rigeur, lending a unique look to each chariot, where they were mounted on posts above each wheel. The carriage was supported by leather straps wrapped around the shaft and guided by the projecting arms. This absorbed the vibrations of the wooden wheels, making the ride smoother. Imagine the sun flashing off of the dark, polished bronze that this would have had when made!
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#141960
Condition
Very slight bending to swan necks, minor nicks to body, swans, and base, light oxidation within body, with light encrustations, and softening to some finer details, otherwise intact and very good. Nice earthen deposits as well as fabulous green and russet patina throughout.