Ancient Europe, Spain, Iberian Peninsula, ca. 6th to 3rd century CE. A lovely gathering of four cast-bronze figurines from ancient Spain. The smallest figure stands atop delineated legs, has hanging arms, and has a spherical head with faded facial features. The second figure stands with hands held against slender hips and wears a fractured suspension ring as a headdress. The third figure shows a pair of individuals wearing robes and holding small implements in their respective right hands. The tallest figure is nude and presents with a slender body above delineated legs, an erect phallus, one arm bent in front of the chest, and a spherical head boasting minimal facial features and perky ears. All four figures are covered in fine layers of green and brown patina. Size: 1" W x 3.2" H (2.5 cm x 8.1 cm); 3.4" H (8.6 cm) on included custom stand.
Iberian statuette examples like this would have been placed in a sanctuary or temple - a change that occurred around the beginning of the later Iberian period, as prior to that votive human figures were placed into burials. This indicates a shift in belief systems, perhaps to a religious understanding where humans interacted directly with the gods rather than going through an intermediary like a priest. Bronze figures are particularly associated with the sanctuaries at Despenaperros and El Cerro de los Santos, while other sites had stone figures. Iberian figures from this period are always either very clearly male or female.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#146613
Condition
Repair to one arm of smallest and second-smallest figure. Losses to suspension ring of second-smallest figure and left arm of largest figure. All items have softening to some finer details, slight bending to overall form, and light encrustations. Light earthen deposits as well as fine patina throughout.