Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 1st to 3rd century CE. A fascinating ensemble of 18K+ gold phallus pendants, one also presenting a red garnet cabochon in a bezel. Phalluses were popular symbols in ancient Rome and, when depicted in a disembodied form like these examples, were used as what Pliny wrote of as a "medicus invidiae" to ward against the evil eye. Each form was skillfully formed from hammered gold sheet. The front faces of each pendant were meticulously modeled with exceedingly naturalistic details. An intriguing ensemble of phallic amulets that were worn as a symbol of virility as well as protection from evil. Size: pendant w/ garnet measures .75" W x .875" H (1.9 cm x 2.2 cm) and all are about the same size ; the garnet cabochon measures .25" W x .125" H (0.6 cm x 0.3 cm); total weight: 5 grams; gold quality: 81% gold, equivalent to 18K+.
Scholars believe that phallic amulets like these were most likely worn by Roman soldiers, since they were intended to ward off evil and this practice was not a regional religious practice. These examples are relatively rare; other ancient phallic amulets discovered in Great Britain were made of base metals. In contrast, these four phallus pendants are made of precious 18K+ gold, and one includes a beautiful garnet cabochon.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection; ex-Frances Artuner collection, Belgium, collected in the 1960s
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#149956
Condition
Minute scuffs/nicks to garnet cabochon that are difficult to see with the naked eye. Minor indentations to the gold repousse details and bezel for garnet. Back upper corner of gold sheet on #3 is folded back. Gold loop on #3 was replaced with a bronze loop. Labels with handwritten numbers 1-4 on the versos.