Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 1st to 3rd century CE. A rare find, an iron shank and tip from a pilum, the Roman javelin. This socketed piece of iron would have been fitted over a wooden shaft to make a weapon as tall as its wielder. The tip features a straight spike with a single deadly hook to allow it to stick into its target and rip the flesh. Fascinatingly, the reason this example is bent is because of deliberate design - the tip was made of hard iron, but the shank itself was made of softer iron, so that it would bend once used, thus rendering it useless for the enemy to throw back. The design of the tip made the pilum formidable at piercing armor and likely inspired the medieval bodkin arrow. Size: 1" W x 19" H (2.5 cm x 48.3 cm); 12.5" H (31.8 cm) on included custom stand.
In his treatise "De Re Militari", the Roman author Vegetius (ca. late 4th century) wrote, "As to the missile weapons of the infantry, they were javelins headed with a triangular sharp iron… called piles. When once fixed in the shield it was impossible to draw them out, and when thrown with force and skill, they penetrated the cuirass without difficulty." Caesar also describes the weapon in "Gallic War" (1.25.2-4). Experimental archaeology has confirmed that, if thrown properly, it could indeed pierce armor!
Provenance: private J.H. collection, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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#149701
Condition
Bent as shown. Otherwise in very nice condition. The surface has been cleaned and stabilized to prevent corrosion.