Pre-Columbian, Panama or Costa Rica, Veraguas (Chiriqui), ca. 900 to 1550 CE. This is a stunning and solid tumbaga deer pendant cast via the lost wax method. Containing a high 56% (equivalent to 13K+) gold content. The recumbent deer is a handsome 8-point buck, with inward pointing antlers, almost forming a crown. The snout is elongated with incised mouth and nostrils. His legs are tucked under his body, the tail curved over his back, and his front feet have integral suspension loops so it can be worn, as an ornament. This piece is stunning and rare and precious example of the skilled metalworks from the Pre-Columbian world, which could be strung on a modern cord or chain as a wearable piece or simply displayed for its beauty. Size: 1.25" L x 0.5" W x 1.25" H (3.2 cm x 1.3 cm x 3.2 cm); quality of tumbaga: gold: 56% (equivalent to 13K+); silver quality: 12%; copper: 31%; weight 34.7 grams
Gold became the preferred material for creating fashionable ornaments in the Pre-Columbian world sometime after 500 CE replacing jadeite and other green stones from which artists had made impressive jewelry for centuries. Indeed, the ancient cultures of the New World created countless gold ornaments and ceremonial objects. Unfortunately, however, the Spanish conquistadors melted nearly all of these to convert them to gold bars and coins for Spain. Given this, surviving genuine pre-Columbian gold is rare and highly coveted by collectors.
Deer were revered animals that were hunted for sustenance and came to represent skilled hunters as well as fertility- their antlers growing in time with the seasons- budding in the spring and shedding in the winter. With a full rack, this buck was in the prime of the mating season, able to rival younger males, perhaps a representation of the original owner of this piece to demonstrate power and status. The lustrous golden hue that envelops the deer creates an alluring presentation.
For a similar example of this rare deer form, please see the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, accession number 1985.903.
This piece has been searched against the Art Loss Register database and has been cleared. The Art Loss Register maintains the world's largest database of stolen art, collectibles, and antiques.
Provenance: ex-private Van Buskirk collection, Tucson, Arizona USA
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#167862
Condition
Intact and choice. Surface is professionally cleaned. Surface pitting and abrasions. Chip to posterior.