**Originally Listed At $3000**
Pre-Columbian, Southern Mexico / Guatemala, Olmec, ca. 1150 to 500 BCE. An incredibly rare earthenware amphibian creature with hematite eyes, the body inlaid with a flat greenstone that may have been a palette, and the other side is inlaid with a rough limestone. We highly suspect that the stomach was used as a mirror based on research and museum collections - pyrite and anthracite were often used as mirrors in Pre-Columbian cultures, and limestone, which this tested as, is a common host for pyrite veins. The greenstone palette surface was perhaps for mixing cosmetics or face paint. The molded pottery holding these stones in place, has slender limbs tucked into the sides like a crouching frog / toad, although the face is quite anthropomorphic, and perhaps symbolizes a human to animal transformation. Size: 6" L x 4.5" W x 2" H (15.2 cm x 11.4 cm x 5.1 cm); 6.5" H (16.5 cm) on included custom stand.
Mirrors were prized by the ancients of the Americas and believed to serve as portals to the celestial realm, treasured for their divinatory, healing, as well as decorative properties. Obsidian mirrors are well known in Pre-Columbian cultures, but other stones containing iron ore were also used. Pyrite was one such mineral, however due to the high iron content which rusts and corrodes, and the reflective surface of these mirrors often do not survive. Interestingly eyes were strongly connected with mirrors and deities and rulers, those important enough to have access to mirrors, were sometimes depicted with mirrors or obsidian for eyes. Scenes on painted vessels also depict important people gazing into mirrors, often held by attendants.
In Mesoamerica, people would have heard the chorus of frogs and toads as rain arrived - indeed, to the Maya, frogs are known as the musicians of the rain god Chaac. The hallucinogenic secretions of the largest Mesoamerican toad, Bufo marinus, were likely used by the Olmec in religious rituals involving transformation, and we know that these toads were used by the later Maya too. These amphibians were associated with fertility and regeneration.
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Provenance: private Hawaii collection, acquired 2000 to 2010
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#177434
Condition
Professionally restored and repaired. New material and infill to rim surrounding the flat, polished stone. Stone is repaired with faint break line radiating from lower left side. New material added to verso of head. Restoration with new material to rear legs. Stable fissure on front arms. Missing reflective mirror, with remains of stone imbedded in stomach area as shown. Great preservation to the face and stone eyes.