Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 1st century CE. A special fresco fragment depicting the torso of Venus (Greek Aphrodite), nude save a swath of drapery falling from her shoulder to hips, and posed with her right arm gracefully lifted. The body is naturalistically rendered with supple flesh, perky breasts, navel, and harmonious anatomical ratios. The artist was particularly skilled at creating chiaroscuro light effects to model her curvaceous figure which stands out against the rich red background. This beautiful fresco section is not only set upon a stand but also housed within a black wooden pedestaled display case, faced on both sides with beveled glass. Size: 6.125" W x 4.75" H (15.6 cm x 12.1 cm); 6.625" H (16.8 cm) on included custom stand. Glass-fronted display case measures 3.25" L x 11.375" W x 15" H (8.3 cm x 28.9 cm x 38.1 cm)
The ancient fresco technique involved applying saturated pigments into wet lime-rich plaster, and only the wealthiest, most elite Romans adorned their houses with these elaborate wall paintings which required immense skill to create. Art historians have identified four styles of wall painting. This example aligns closest with the Second Pompeiian Style - also known as the architectural style - which was popular during the 1st century BCE. This style was characterized by illusionism whereby the walls were painted with architectural elements framing compositions that fooled the eye into believing they were real via a trompe l'oeil effects. While we cannot see architectural elements given the size of this fragment, the artist of this piece successfully achieved naturalism in the visual imagery via subtle tonal changes, modeling the figure with color and shading, and suggesting depth with foreshortening.
Another aspect of Roman wall painting to appreciate are the brilliant colors which contrast with the white hues of surviving ancient marble sculpture. Scholars have demonstrated that classical sculptures were actually originally brightly painted; however, the pigments have worn away over the ages. Thankfully, ancient wall paintings demonstrate the bold coloration that embellished ancient visual culture. What's more, while some of the most impressive artists of the Classical world were painters, sadly, many of their creations were painted on wood panels and have disappeared due to the perishable nature of this material. Thankfully, other forms of Classical art such as vase paintings, mosaics, and even a few fresco fragments like this example - many surviving from Pompeii and Herculaneum buried under the ash of a volcanic eruption in the year 79 CE - have survived the tests of time and can provide a means of understanding ancient painting techniques.
Published in P. Grimal & E. Kossakowski, Pompei, Demeures secretes, Paris, 1992, no. 54.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection, acquired at Pierre Berge & Associes, Archeologie auction, Paris, 29 November 2014, lot 264; Published in P. Grimal & E. Kossakowski, Pompei, Demeures secretes, Paris, 1992, no. 54.
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#145986
Condition
A section from a larger fresco. Expected surface wear with scuffs and pigment loss commensurate with age. Edges and verso are not smooth. Mineral deposits scattered across peripheries and verso as well. Pierre Berge & Associes auction house label attached to the stand.