Ancient Near East, Urartu, from Armenia, Lake Van region, Iron Age III, ca. 7th to 6th century BCE. A handsome copper vessel, the body presenting a wonderful iconographic program comprised of a pair of fierce wild lions depicted in profile and progressing to the left, alternating with target (concentric circle) motifs. This imagery is underscored by a linear band delineated in relief followed by two rows of pointed bosses below. In Urartu, images of lions were traditionally used to represent the power of rulers. In addition, they were often featured in pairs to guard entries to ritualistic and royal spaces. Size: 4.9" in diameter x 4.4" H (12.4 cm x 11.2 cm)
The civilization of Urartu was one of several states that arose following the destruction of the Hittite state in approximately 1200 BCE. Others included Tabal, Phrygia, and Lydia. Each one possessed its own distinct language, religion, ethnicity, and visual culture. According to the Metropolitan Museum of Art Heilbrunn essay, "In their inscriptions, the Assyrians of Mesopotamia refer to the Urartians as their northern enemies from the eleventh to the seventh centuries B.C. However, the earliest known Urartian written document, a rock inscription at Van (ancient Tushpa), records the earliest reference to the state. There it says that Urartu was ruled by a king named Sarduri (r. ca. 840–830 B.C.), and mentions a male deity, Haldi, the supreme god throughout Urartian history."
Published: J. Eisenberg, Art of the Ancient World, vol. IV (1985), no. 492.
Exhibited: On loan to Michigan State University, Ohio State University, Picker Art Gallery, Colgate University, Fitchburg Art Museum from 1985 to 2016.
Provenance: R.B. collection, West Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, USA, acquired from Royal Athena in October 1985; ex-Mythes et Legendes, Paris, October 1984 - On loan to Michigan State University, Ohio State University, Picker Art Gallery, Colgate University, Fitchburg Art Museum from 1985 to 2016.
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#160101
Condition
One inch fissure down from rim. Three of the bosses have perforations at the points. Otherwise the vessel is intact. Minor surface wear commensurate with age, but imagery is vivid. Surface is also graced with a rich age patina of verdigris and russet hues.