Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 2nd to mid-5th century CE. A hand-carved marble capital of a characteristically Corinthian form with a rectangular top section beneath a columnar body. Encircling three sides of the body are broadly carved acanthus leaves, and the smooth verso is unadorned. The top of the capital bears a drilled attachment hole, perhaps to support the weight of the roofing structure it was meant to hold. Unlike the more masculine styles of Doric and Ionic order capitals, the Corinthian order boasted a graceful style boasting dense foliate motifs and flowing angles in a luxurious presentation. Though more efficient to produce, Doric and Ionic capitals fell out of favor as the opulent splendor of Rome necessitated an equally extravagent architectural style like the Corinthian order. Size: 4.375" L x 4.125" W x 4.1" H (11.1 cm x 10.5 cm x 10.4 cm)
The Corinthian order is the most ornate of the orders (as opposed to the earlier Ionic and Doric) and boasts decorative elements like slender columns, spiraling volutes, and broad acanthus leaves like those on this example. The famous Roman architect Vitruvius observed that the lavish Corinthian design "was produced out of the two other orders." Vitruvius described the Corinthian column as "an imitation of the slenderness of a maiden; for the outlines and limbs of maidens, being more slender on account of their tender years, admit of prettier effects in the way of adornment."
Provenance: private J.H. collection, Beaverton, Oregon, USA, acquired around 2010; ex-private Montrose, California, USA collection
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#153865
Condition
Loss to one frontal corner as shown. Abrasions and minor nicks to peripheries, column body, and top platform, with light softening to some carved details, and minor yellowing to exterior marble color. Nice earthen deposits throughout.