East Asia, China, Neolithic period, Hongshan culture and Longshan culture, ca. 4700 to 2000 BCE. A fine collection of five ancient amulets, four carved from nephrite and one from greenstone, featuring zoomorphic and anthropomorphic forms. The first is a pendant with a highly abstract face on both sides, incised grooves below, possibly to represent a headdress, and a perforation at the top for suspension. The second piece is the greenstone amulet of a ram with two kids surmounted on the head and back. Next is a large dragon with a curved, rounded body, a stylized head with a perforation on the neck, and a gap between the mouth and tip of tail. The last two feature cicada insects, symbols of rebirth. On one a bird figure sits atop of the ovoid cicada, a pair of hemispherical eyes bulge out above a drilled perforation, and a second perforation is drilled through the bird's neck. The last piece is a seated human body, and a cicada with folded wings forms the person’s head. These amulets were used as talismans to ward off evil and were meant to be sewn onto clothing or worn on a cord. Size of large dragon: 3.75" L x 1" W (9.5 cm x 2.5 cm); ram: 2" L x .5" W (5.1 cm x 1.3 cm)
For many years, scholars believed that Chinese civilization began in the Yellow River valley, but now we know that there were actually earlier cultures both north and south of this region. The Hongshan culture, comprised of a group of Neolithic peoples who lived in the far north-east, in what is modern-day Liaoning province and Inner Mongolia, created a sophisticated society and erected elaborate ceremonial sites that oftentimes included valuable works like this collection.
Provenance: ex-private Ventura County, California, USA collection, acquired prior to 2008
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#154023
Condition
Nicks and stable fissures on all. Surface pitting on both cicada pieces. Light to heavy mineral deposits on all.