Ancient Near East/Western Asia, Anatolia, Neo-Hittite, ca. 1200 to 800 BCE. A rare stone cylinder seal carved from diorite or a similar material, with a speckled black, grey, and white surface. It is pierced horizontally through its upper edge for suspension. The face depicts a scene of two creatures rampant - one similar to a griffin, with a massive wing, and the other a lion - rearing towards each other. Above their heads is the eight-sided Star of Ishtar or Inanna. A symbol that is similar to an ankh is between the creatures, reflecting the cultural milieu in which the object was made, which included Phoenician and Egyptian influence. Size: 1.55" H (3.9 cm); 2.9" H (7.4 cm) on included custom stand.
The star of Ishtar emphasizes the spiritual affiliation of its wearer. Ishtar was associated with war, fertility, and sexuality. The Bible, in both Kings and Chronicles, warned the ancient Israelites against worshipping her because of the dangerous nature of her sexuality. However, to the ancient Anatolians and Mesopotamians, her power was palpable, and they practiced a ceremony of Sacred Marriage to associate themselves with her mythical lover Dumuzi in order to gain her favor.
Cylinder seals played a major role in the daily life of the Ancient Near East. Known as kishib in Sumerian and kunukku in Akkadian, royals, government officials, scribes, and slaves used them to transact business and send correspondence. They were worn around the neck or wrist and served as a signature and a guarantee, rolled into the moist clay of accounting and governance documents. They also link our modern world to the past - thousands of years ago, people were concerned with security and authenticity for the documents that they used to conduct business. Cylinder seals were a technological solution to a pressing problem, and their scenes are often complex to prevent forgery and identify individuals.
Provenance: private Zaveloff collection, Lakewood, New Jersey, USA, acquired before 2004
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#151473
Condition
Wear on surface commensurate with age including some surface pitting and light deposits in lower profile areas. However, the motifs are very clearly preserved, as shown in the accompanying modern clay rollout.