Ancient Near East, Neo-Babylonian Dynasty, reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, ca. 604 to 561 BCE. A hand-formed terracotta brick fragment stamped with a dedication from the most famous of all Kings of Babylon - Nebuchadnezzar II. The brick is rectangular with well-defined edges and thick border panels enclosing the text. Though incomplete, the brick contains six full lines of cuneiform text and fragments of two or three additional lines below. Custom museum-quality display stand included. Size: 5" W x 5.125" H (12.7 cm x 13 cm); 6.75" H (17.1 cm) on included custom stand.
Despite the fragmentary nature of the cuneiform text on this example, scholars have been able to decipher other, more complete bricks of the same inscription. The most widely-accepted translation for complete bricks like this comes from Professor Lambert of Birmingham University, an internationally-renowned expert in this field, and reads as follows: "Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon, provisioner of Esagil and Ezida, prime son of Nabopolassar, King of Babylon, am I. Ebabbara, the Temple of Shamash in Larsa I restored as it was before, for Shamash, my Lord."
Following the defeat of the Assyrian Empire by the Babylonians in 612 BCE, Nebuchadnezzar II rebuilt the city of Babylon on a grand scale. It has been estimated that roughly 15 million baked bricks were used in the construction of official buildings. The bricks are usually square and often bear cuneiform inscriptions, generally made with a large stamp as seen here.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#138441
Condition
This is a fragment of a larger brick. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, fading to some cuneiform characters, small nicks to top edges, peripheries, and bottom, and light roughness across most surfaces. Nice earthen deposits and light encrustations throughout.