Native American, Southern United States, Pemiscot County Missouri, Campbell Site, Mississippian, ca. 1160 to 1520 CE. A fabulous pottery effigy vessel of a seated female figure, with a rounded body and distinctive features, modeled in a dark gray clay. The base features a raised, thin band that might indicate folded legs or act as a stabilizer for the vessel. The frontside has rounded knees or thighs, and the verso has a generous, rounded rump, but also features the spine on the hunched woman. The arms of the figure rest at the sides, with the hands on the top of the legs. The arms continue across the upper part of the torso, perhaps indicating the collarbone. The face is heart-shaped with slightly protruding nose and ears. The top flares open to the interior cavity, and a tab or rectangular lug protrudes from the backside. Size: 4" W x 6" H (10.2 cm x 15.2 cm)
Human effigy vessels represent the culmination of hundreds of years of Mississippian art, of creating stronger pottery using temper, discovering how to fire it, and creating pigments. These vessels follow a similar form: a kneeling human figure, often female, and with a pronounced, hunched back. Some researchers have speculated that this is because people with that condition had a special role in society - they were considered magical or shamanic, for example. Others point out that it may be a practical consideration, with the shape of the vessel requiring a slightly hunched back in order to increase liquid capacity.
For a stylistically similar piece please refer to "Ancient Indian Pottery of the Mississippi River Valley" by Roy Hatchcock, page 200, fig. 539.
This piece has been tested using thermoluminescence (TL) analysis and has been found to be ancient and/or of the period stated.
Provenance: private Kansas City, Missouri, USA collection, ex-John Townsend collection, formed in the 1970s and earlier
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#161641
Condition
Repaired with restoration on neck and face. Stable hairline fissure across face and neck. Find site written on base surface. Four TL holes: base, right ear, back of neck, right shoulder. Light mineral deposits and great details.