West Africa, Nigeria, Yoruba peoples, ca. mid-20th century CE. A fine example of a hand-carved wooden helmet mask, one of the most distinctive forms of West African masks. The helmet mask is made to be worn by men and to portray a range of male and female characters. This mask shows a white kaolin-painted face presented with raised almond-shaped eyes and drilled pupils, a broad nose with carved nostrils, thin lips, spiralized ears, and a trio of cobalt-hued ritual scarification marks across each cheek. The striated coiffure is topped with an elongated, drum-shaped finial. The edges are ringed by perforations so that the mask could be sewn to a wider costume. Size: 7.7" W x 8.375" H (19.6 cm x 21.3 cm).
Gelede performances entertain and educate, their narratives and movements usually representing Yoruban ideals of male and female conduct as well as documenting interesting elements of everyday life, such as this transgression act. For the Yoruba people, Gelede masquerades are a means of celebrating and recognizing the importance of females to their society, as the Gelede society whose purpose is the maintain peace is devoted to the mother of all orishas (deities), Yemoja, who represents motherhood, family, sexuality, nurturing, and protection, and is viewed as the matriarchal head of the universe.
Provenance: ex-Adeon Gallery, Chicago, Illinois, USA acquired prior to 1970
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#142426
Condition
Back portion of drum finial reattached with light adhesive residue along break lines. Losses to lower periphery, fading to areas of pigmentation, inactive insect damage, and softening to some finer details. Light earthen deposits and light patina throughout.