Pre-Columbian, Classic Maya, ca. 300 to 900 CE. An expertly carved and well-preserved hacha, hewn from a large piece of grey basalt to serve as one of the ritual items associated with the Mesoamerican ballgame. Hachas sometimes represented heads, like this one of a warrior wearing a magnificent parrot headdress, the overall form flattened to resemble a symbolic axe - hence the name "hacha," meaning "axe" in Spanish. Here, the visage is depicted in profile (on both sides) with a sharp browline, eyes suggested below, a naturalistic nose, and full lips - topped by a neat coiffure that falls just past his large ear flaps or ornaments AND a magnificent avian helmet or headdress with large recessed eyes that likely once held shell or stone inlays, incised crown feathers, and a large hooked beak. The parrot headdress references the Mayan sky world. Birds were revered as sky animals associated with the celestial realm - the sun, the moon, and Venus - where they acted as sacred messengers between humankind and its deities. Size: 9" W x 10.75" H (22.9 cm x 27.3 cm); 12.125" H (30.8 cm) on included custom stand.
The Mesoamerican ballgame was a ritual event, not just for entertainment (although it would have been that too!), and as a result had elaborate attire and accessories. Stone hachas were not actually used to play the game, but instead were probably worn or carried, hafted onto wooden poles like standards, in ritual processions where the elite sponsors of the game displayed them to demonstrate their wealth.
The parrot headdress worn by this warrior is especially significant. Parrots were highly revered by the ancients of the Americas for their brilliant plumage as well as their ability to fly well above the tree line. To the ancients, these birds' ability to talk in combination with their inhabitance of the sky world suggested that they served as ideal intermediaries between humankind and the deities – or even as incarnations of sky deities.
Provenance: ex-private T.S. collection, San Diego County, California, USA, acquired between 25 and 40 years ago
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#140603
Condition
Lower section of beak reattached. Normal surface wear with scratches and abrasions as shown. Scattered mineral deposits.