Ancient Near East, Sumer, reign of Gudea of Lagash, ca. 2010 BCE; reign of Ishme-Dagan of Isin, ca. 1953 BCE. A fine set of clay foundation cones, each with a conical body, with one boasting a large discoid head and 13 columns of text, and the other a lightly rounded head and 8 columns of text not covered by encrustations. Cuneiform text is formed by impressing a sharpened reed or stick into wet clay just prior to being placed inside a kiln. The translation of the cone with the discoid head reads, "For Ningirsu, mighty warrior of Enlil, his lord Gudea, ruler of Lagash, who built the Eninne (temple) of Ningirsu, (also) built his Epa, the temple of seven sectors." The translation for the round-headed cone reads, "Ishme-Dagan, mighty man, King of Isin, King of the Four Quarters (of the world) when he exempted the tax of Nippur, the city beloved by Enlil and took its populace away from forced labor, he built the wall of Isin, naming it 'Ishme-Dagan, with Enlil, the might of the great god'." Size of largest (round head): 2" W x 5.5" H (5.1 cm x 14 cm).
For similar examples of both foundation cones, please see "Beloved by Time: Four Millennia of Ancient Art." Fortuna Fine Arts, Ltd., New York, 2000, pp. 18-19, figs. 28-29.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#138552
Condition
Cone with discoid head has losses to lower tip. Cone with round head has encrustations over several lines of text. Both cones have small nicks and abrasions to bodies and heads, with light softening to some cuneiform text, and light encrustations. Nice earthen deposits throughout.