Roman, Imperial Period, ca. 1st to 3rd century CE. A beautiful life-sized fragment of a woman's head, perhaps a female fertility or vegetation personification such as Ceres (Greek Demeter) or Tellus (also Terra Mater, "Mother Earth"). Skillfully hand-carved from mottled honey-yellow marble with gray, light beige, and slate-hued inclusions, the enigmatic visage presents with a pair of heavy lidded, almond-shaped eyes beneath gently sweeping brows, a broad nose with 1 visible nostril, indented interior and elongated exterior canthi, and a slightly rounded cheek. Her high forehead is surmounted by a double wreath comprised of corn stalks, thick leaves, and/or other fruit and foliage. The sculptural fragment is mounted on a modern lucite block for display purposes. Size (face): 8.8" W x 9.1" H (22.4 cm x 23.1 cm); (display block): 12.6" W x 14.5" H (32 cm x 36.8 cm)
Ceres was the goddess of the harvest who was believed to watch over the earth's fertility, the law of the land, as well as the cycle of life and death itself. In addition, Ceres (Greek Demeter) along with her daughter Proserpina (Greek Persephone) were central figures in the Eleusinian mysteries. These were elaborate festivals that took place every five years. Unfortunately, scholars know little about them as those who attended the Eleusinian Mysteries were sworn to secrecy. This said, most agree that the central theme of these Mysteries was that just as the grain returns every spring following its harvest and the winter hibernation period, the soul returns after the death of the human body, reincarnated for the next life. The Eleusinian Mysteries were not the only Mysteries of the Greco-Roman world. There were also the Mysteries of Dionysos depicted in a famous fresco just outside Pompeii at Herculaneum (the so-called Villa of the Mysteries) as well as Mysteries of various imported eastern gods such as Sabazios and Isis.
Cf. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession number 27.122.1
Provenance: private New York, New York, USA collection; ex-private F.M. collection, South Germany, acquired 1975 to 1990
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#170859
Condition
This is a fragment of a larger sculpture with losses to peripheries, verso, and head and body below nose and upper portion of proper right cheek as shown. Nicks, chips, pitting, and abrasions to nose, eyes, brow, coiffure, peripheries, and verso, with softening to some finer details, and light encrustations. Great surface smoothness and preservation of overall form. Drilled in 2 areas through verso with adhesive along rims of drill holes for attachment to lucite block as well as for mounting purposes.