Pre-Columbian, Costa Rica, Atlantic watershed, ca. 300 to 800 CE. A very unique statue of a male figure, skillfully carved from volcanic stone, nude save a garland of severed head ornaments wrapped around his body. He holds an axe in his left hand which is held behind his back, and places his right hand atop his forehead as if peering into the distance or perhaps representing a ceremonial gesture. His physiognomy is boldly rendered and presents a nicely delineated visage, feet/toes, and large hands/fingers. His expression is one of reverence with closed coffee bean shaped eyes framed by a thick browline that leads to the bridge of his nose, closed full lips, and protruding ears. The trophy head garland and that intimidating weapon he holds are gruesome reminders of mano a mano (hand to hand) combat as well as the ancient practice of valuing trophy heads which were understood as a shamanic means of protection from evil in ancient Costa Rica. Size: 13.25" W x 20.375" H (33.7 cm x 51.8 cm)
Artists in ancient Costa Rica and nearby Panama sculpted disembodied human heads which were likely intended to represent trophy heads. Ethnographic accounts from the region tell of a tradition both before and after the Spanish Conquest of taking trophy heads as a result of warfare. Although their use of war as a tool for acquiring resources and consolidating control under specific leaders is the same as ours today, theirs also had a supernatural element to it. The taking of the head was seen as an organized form of violence related to shamanism designed to protect the community from any evil, including disease and sorcery. If a shaman's head was taken, then due to his or her supernatural skills, it could still have power, even when separated from the rest of the body.
See a warrior figure with a trophy head in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (1979.206.422).
Provenance: private Honolulu, Hawaii, USA collection
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#150458
Condition
A few old surface chips here and there, particularly pronounced on the back of one leg. Otherwise intact with a weathered surface commensurate with age. Nice preservation of form. Covered with earthen deposits.