Pre-Columbian, West Mexico, Colima, ca. 300 BCE to 300 CE. A tall, hand-built redware terracotta male warrior figure standing atop a pair of wide delineated legs. His broad hips and sturdy torso enable him to easily don protective barrel armor adorned in negative-resist triangular and concentric diamond motifs, with both upheld arms brandishing an imposing knob-headed club. His head is oriented to the left as if anticipating an attack at any moment, with similar black-painted facial marks across his cheeks, mouth, and brow. The figure wears a shamanic horn and a pair of crescent-shaped ornaments atop his forehead, all secured with straps across his chin and head which frame his stylized visage of coffee-bean-shaped eyes and a prominent nose. A large, spouted back panel extends up from the back of the barrel armor, giving the warrior an extra area of protection. A sizeable example replete with fine craftsmanship, expert presentation, and meticulous attention to detail. Size: 8.875" W x 20.75" H (22.5 cm x 52.7 cm).
Colima, located on Mexico's southwestern coast, was during this time part of the shaft tomb culture, along with neighbors to the north in Jalisco and Nayarit. In this culture, the dead were buried down shafts - 3 to 20 meters deep - that were dug vertically or near vertically through the volcanic tuff that makes up the geology of the region. The base of the shaft would open into one or more horizontal chambers with a low ceiling. These shafts were almost always dug beneath a dwelling, probably a family home, and seem to have been used as family mausoleums, housing the remains of many related individuals. This is a figure made to be placed inside those mausoleums, perhaps to mediate between the worlds of the living and the dead.
The sculptural creations of Colima are quite distinctive with smooth, rounded forms presenting remarkable consistency in their warm russet red hues. In addition, the sculpture of Colima is known for a wide range of postures and expressions, making them quite intriguing to us, even some 2000 years after their origination.
For a stylistically-similar example, please see The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, accession number 2015.299: https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/129903?returnUrl=%2Fart%2Fsearch%3Fartist%3DColima
Provenance: private New York, New York, USA collection; ex-Joseph Ronar collection, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, famous archaeologist (1948-1993)
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#133722
Condition
Repairs to legs, torso, armor, club, arms, and back panel behind head with some new material, resurfacing, and overpainting along break lines. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, fading to some areas of pigmentation, small chips to legs, feet, arms, head, club, and spout, and minor areas of fading to pigmentation. Nice earthen and mineral deposits throughout.