Central Asia, eastern India, Bengal, Chandraketugarh, ca. 2nd century BCE to 1st century CE. An exemplary pottery amphora boasting a fascinating form and elaborate relief decoration of 4 horizontal registers of complex figural scenes below a band of vegetal motifs. The towering vessel displays a piriform body, a wide, flared rim, and a tapered, tiered base that may have been "planted" in the ground during harvest festivals - indicating it may have served as a purna kalasha or "vase of plenty" and used as an offering to ensure the fertility of the earth. Each figural register is filled with a myriad of yakshas and yakshis, male and female nature divinities representing the bounty of the earth, all decorated in jewelry and many carrying musical instruments, flowers, sheaves of grain, and laden baskets. The scenes are each separated by slender rows of dots, lotus flowers, or other phytomorphic imagery. Size: 4.1" Diameter x 24.1" H (10.4 cm x 61.2 cm); 24.5" H (62.2 cm) on included custom stand.
According to the Toledo Museum of Art, "A clay sculptural tradition in northeast India can be traced back to at least the fourth century BCE. An important and prolific center of terracotta manufacture was the capital of an ancient kingdom called Chandraketugarh, which was located on the east to west trade routes. Although today it is more than seventy-five miles from the Bay of Bengal, in ancient times the city was located on the coast and was connected to the mighty Ganges River. It was probably established in the third century BCE, but reached its developmental height in the second and first centuries BCE…"
Cf. Toledo Museum of Art, 2008.139.
This piece has been tested using thermoluminescence (TL) analysis by Oxford Authentication Ltd. and has been found to be ancient and of the period stated. A full printed report is available to the buyer upon request.
Provenance: private Hawaii, USA collection, 1995 to 2010; ex-private Ibrahimi collection, California, USA, before 2004
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#172743
Condition
Area of loss on tip of base. Professional restoration to outer peripheries of tiers at base. A few minor nicks and miniscule chips to rim. Otherwise, excellent with remarkable remaining detail. Impressively preserved with light earthen deposits in recessed areas. TL holes to interior of rim, underside of top-most register of lotus flowers, and underside of second highest tier of base.