Ancient Greece, Hellenistic Period, ca. 3rd century BCE. A wonderful stone stele of a rectangular form that gently tapers at the upper end and is topped by a pediment. The main body of the stele is adorned by an olive or laurel wreath - a symbol of peace, triumph, and wisdom - above a Greek inscription, a decree to honor an elite individual named Hermophilos who lived to be 30 years old. (See translation below.) The pediment is inscribed with a triangle that contains a bas relief circle in the center and two opposing curvilinear forms at the lower corners that create what appear to be hearts to modern eyes. Each of the corners is topped with a decorative finial. A carved relief stele such as this one was part of a long tradition of marking the graves of elite and even some middle class Greek citizens. The form of this stele was intended to imitate a naiskos, a small temple/altar with a triangular pediment. Size: 14" W x 30.625" H (35.6 cm x 77.8 cm)
The inscription translates as follows: "In the eleventh year of Stemdios, Hermogenes and Damalis, his nurturers, and Philippikos and Meltine honored their companion Hermophilos. He lived thirty years." Please note that "Stemdios" was most likely the name of an important person, like a governor, whose time in office was used to mark dates (like the Athenian archons). Also, s??t??f?? is a bit stronger than "companion," implying that Philippikos and Meltine grew up with Hermophilos.
The British Museum has a similar example in their collection (museum number 1785,0527.7).
Provenance: private J.H. collection, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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#149610
Condition
Left proper finial of pediment restored. Losses to peripheries of central finial. Right proper finial reattached with restoration over break lines. The main body reassembled from two large pieces with break line between wreath and inscription. Normal surface wear commensurate with age. Some staining and deposits as shown. White marble base/stand in which the stele sits (can be removed) is a new addition.