Ancient Eastern Greece / Western Asia, Anatolia, probably Lydia, ca. 6th to 5th century BCE. This is a wonderful fragmentary piece of a terracotta panel that depicts Pegasus, a mythical winged horse. The thick piece is molded in low relief, clearly showing Pegasus' arched neck, part of a raised foreleg, and characteristic feathered wing. The red surface is painted in a beige white, then outlined with black and orange hues. This fragment may have come from an architectural element to a building, such as a sima- the upper edge of a roof. These simas would run around all sides of the building usually the terracotta was made into a repeating pattern using molds. The iconography on this piece is from the "Orientalizing Period," when pottery items showed the influence of eastern trade connections with the city - creating art with stylized plants and animal friezes, inspired by trade with the Levant, Egypt, and Assyria. Size: 4.25" L x 1.5" W x 4" H (10.8 cm x 3.8 cm x 10.2 cm); 5.75" H (14.6 cm) on included custom stand.
Lydian architectural terracotta pieces are rightfully famous, used to decorate outer walls and form roof cladding on magnificent ancient buildings. Local stone was of poor quality, so builders turned to molded ceramics as a substitute in this region. Miletus was the largest production center for these terracottas, which were traded and transported long distances, often along rivers. A particular boom in the market for friezes like these seems to have occurred in the last quarter of the 6th century, when there was a spate of new construction and renewal of older buildings throughout the region, especially in Ionia and Caria, which acquired tiles from Lydia.
For a fascinating comparison to a strikingly similar fragment, please see the Archaeological Exploration of Sardis website and the Sardis or Museum Inventory number: T08.005
Provenance: private East Coast collection, New York, New York, USA, acquired before 2010
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#170789
Condition
Fragment of a larger piece as shown. Surface abrasions and chips to Pegasus. Chipping and fading to pigments, but Pegasus motif is clear and discernable.