Magna Graecia, Southern Italy, Gnathian, ca. 4th century BCE. A classic South Italic example of an epychisis, a vessel for holding ointments and perfumes, with an incredible silvery patina. The vessel has a beautiful avian-form spout with eye-like attachments at the sides and a long, open, deeply-grooved, beak-like mouth. The tall strap handle rises from the back of the spout, then curves at an acute angle down to meet the shoulder. The body is round, almost reel-shaped, with a projecting rim underneath the shoulder and at the foot. A Greek key meander adorns the lower body, while lovely floral vines are painted on the shoulder in red, white, and yellow hues. Size: 6.875" H (17.5 cm)
This impressive decorative technique is typical for pottery which is commonly called Gnathian, after the name of present-day Egnazia (located on the Adriatic coast of Apulia). In the middle of the nineteenth century, pottery with this type of decoration was found during excavations of the cemeteries of Egnazia (and nearby Fasano). Ever since, it has been known as the pottery of Egnazia, or Gnathia pottery, even though not all of it was in fact made at Egnazia.
Literature: J. Richard Green, "Gnathia and Other Overpainted Wares of Italy and Sicily: a Survey", in Evelyne Geny (ed., sous la direction de Pierre Leveque et Jean-Paul Morel), Ceramiques Hellenistiques et Romaines III (Besancon, Presses Universitaires Franc-Comtoises, 2001), 57-103; J. Richard Green, "The Gnathia Pottery of Apulia ", in: Margaret Ellen Mayo - Kenneth Hamma (eds.), The Art of South Italy. Vases from Magna Graecia (Richmond, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, 1982), p. 252-258.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#135272
Condition
Tip of spout has been reattached.Tiny nick to upper edge of spool-shaped body. The black glaze has developed a beautiful iridescence. Normal surface wear with areas of pigment loss, but most of the painted program is very well preserved.