Mediterranean Greek world, Cyprus, Classical Period, ca. 5th century CE. An incredibly rare cast bronze applique in the form of a bull skull, its forehead and antlers wrapped with a floral garland. The skull itself is naturalistic, with empty eye sockets, a long jaw bone, and a deep nasal cavity. Two curved and sharply pointed horns project from the sides of the head. The back of the applique is hollow, and this figure was likely made to decorate a vessel, chest, or piece of furniture. Depictions of animal skulls are rare in the classical world, but bull-skull masks have a history in the eastern Mediterranean and the Levant. Size: 3.2" W x 4.95" H (8.1 cm x 12.6 cm); 6.5" H (16.5 cm) on included custom stand.
Bucrania - bull heads - were very popular throughout the ancient world, celebrating the ritual religious practice of sacrificing bulls as well as the symbolism of the bull as a virile, powerful animal. In Cyprus, the bull symbolized the god of fertility from at least the 3rd millennium BCE, and bucrania appear on documents and models of sanctuaries. Similar iconography is found from Minoan Crete (the minotaur!) and the ancient Near East, as at Megiddo. The use of bull skulls is rare, but for example, there are worked bull skulls that seem to have been turned into masks found at Toumba tou Skourou (northwestern Cyprus) and Kition (southern coast of Cyprus). Terracotta figures depicting masked men wearing bull skull masks have also been found throughout Cyprus.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection; ex-CNG Auction (sale 79, September, 2008, lot 1536); ex-private American collection, acquired in the 1960s
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#142203
Condition
Excellent condition with light deposits on surface and pretty grey-green patina. Light surface wear commensurate with age.