Ancient Greece, Classical to Hellenistic Period, ca. 5th to 3rd century CE. A stunning marble funerary stele hand-carved to depict the relief of a woman in profile. Facing right, the solemn female bows her head. Her elegant countenance features generously lidded eyes, a Greek nose, bow lips and a round chin. A veil covers her coiffure, held back by her naturalistic ear as she raises her left hand to her face, grasping a petite object - perhaps a piece of jewelry - between her thumb and forefinger, at which she directs her gaze. Meticulously sculpted, folds of a peplos flow down her chest, modestly enveloping her body. Note how the artist's careful attention to detail renders flesh from stone and life to the recently departed. Size: 8.8" W x 12.8" H (22.4 cm x 32.5 cm)
According to the Wilcox Classical Museum at the University of Kansas, "In antiquity, as today, carved tombstones were expensive, and served as indicators of wealth and status, in addition to commemorating the dead. Because Greek society was patriarchal, public roles for women were bound by social custom. Women, however, were responsible for tending individual and family tombs, and women were appropriate subjects for representation in funerary art."
Intended to memorialize the dead, the deceased is shown here as partaking in an act of daily life - adorning oneself with jewelry - allowing the viewer to recall the dead by gazing upon a seemingly generic domestic scene. The evident reference to jewelry or adornment (kosmos, from which we get our term "cosmetics") could even refer to the duty of a wife and mother to keep her belongings, and her home, in good order (kosmein).
Cf. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 52.11.3 and National Archaeological Museum, Athens, 3624.
Provenance: private Round Rock, Texas, USA collection, acquired in Greece in 1938
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#171713
Condition
Fragment of a larger piece. Chipping to peripheries. Some nicks and abrasions, commensurate with age. Otherwise, excellent with impressive remaining detail.