Roman, Republic period, ca. 1st century BCE; Europe, ca. 19th to early 20th century CE. A wonderful carnelian intaglio from the ancient Roman Republic, hand-carved with the image of a crouching, nude faun (Greek satyr) - or perhaps the rustic forest god Faunus (Greek Pan) - playing a syrinx, all set in a 19th-century gold ring. Positioned with one knee propped up as he leans on the other, the bearded figure displays a muscular body with a petite tail as he hunches over the instrument. The ovoid stone is a slender bezel with recessed border and a thing band. Size of ring: 0.9" L x 1" W (2.3 cm x 2.5 cm); of intaglio: 0.5" L x 0.3" W (1.3 cm x 0.8 cm); US ring size: 12; gold quality: 79.4% (equivalent to over 19 karats); weight: 1.6 grams
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Faunus was the god of the forest, plains and fields; when he made cattle fertile, he was called Inuus. He came to be equated in literature with the Greek god Pan, after which Romans depicted him as a horned god. Faunus was one of the oldest Roman deities, known as the "di indigetes." According to the epic poet Virgil, he was a legendary king of the Latins.
The faun is a half-human and half-goat mythological creature appearing in Greek and Roman mythology. Originally fauns of Roman mythology were ghosts (genii) of rustic places, lesser versions of their chief, the god Faunus. Before their conflation with Greek satyrs, they and Faunus were represented as naked men. Romans believed fauns stirred fear in men traveling in lonely, faraway or wild places. They were also capable of guiding men in need, as in the fable of "The Satyr and the Traveler" by Aesop, in the title of which Latin authors substituted the word Faunus.
Provenance: ex-Dr. Corinne Bronfman estate, Washington D.C., USA, acquired via descent; ex-Marjorie Bronfman collection, Montreal, Canada, acquired prior to 1978
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#186569
Condition
Ancient intaglio set in a 19th-century gold ring to be wearable. Ring band has been professionally repaired in area opposite the intaglio; done very well and difficult to notice. Slight bending to band that can be easily fixed. Some very light, age-expected nicks to carnelian that do not affect imagery. Otherwise, intaglio is intact and both ring and intaglio are in excellent condition. Nice remaining detail to intaglio.