Ancient Egypt, Third Intermediate to Late Dynastic Period, ca. 1070 to 332 BCE. A cartonnage (linen or papyrus covered with plaster) panel depicting a winged sun goddess, several still-visible hieroglyphs, two Horus-heads, and a series of abstract motifs. Somewhat unusually, this cartonnage is laid over woven textile, some of which can be seen through it. Size of panel (size may not be exact as the piece is fragmented): 12.5" W x 20" H (31.8 cm x 50.8 cm); size of frame: 20.25" W x 27.25" H (51.4 cm x 69.2 cm)
All Egyptian funerary art was laden with symbolism that, by the Third Intermediate Period, had become ancient tradition, and this piece is no exception. The main focus is the winged sun goddess, Nut, near the bottom of the panel, her magnificent wings spread wide and painted ornately. Nut and her brother Geb, who was the god of the Earth, were the parents of isis, whose story is central to the resurrection of the god Osiris - who in turn was central to the written and painted symbols of resurrection of the dead that formed such a crucial part of Egyptian cosmology. Below her is a horizontal panel of hieroglyphs, sadly now too fragmentary to read, although a few symbols are still visible. This was probably a prayer to Osiris to protect the dead. Above her are nine horizontal panels depicting repeated abstract symbols - leaves, triangles, squares, flowers, and, in the top, suns separated by blue lines. Above this are two heads of the falcon-headed god Horus - son of Isis and Osiris - each capped by the sun disk, a symbol of royalty and divinity. Altogether, this cartonnage would have protected a mummy's coffin; the highly-trained artists who created it and the bereaved family members who commissioned it believed in the power of the symbols and words they painted to aid the deceased in the afterlife.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection
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#131418
Condition
Piece is fragmentary, with some light and dark staining, as shown. Edges are frayed and some of the colors are faded or darkened from age and exposure to light. The motifs remaining are still brightly colored, with very nice remaining detail.