Northern / Western Europe, Viking / Norse period, ca. 9th to 11th century CE. A fantastic example of a tortoise brooch (sometimes turtle brooch), a hollow, concave cast bronze brooch with four studded points on its raised face. The flattened border, stamped with repeated circular motifs, is pierced at one end to accommodate a dangling loop of bronze wire; attached to this is a flat, trapezoidal bronze panel, decorated with a stippled, linear pattern on one face. Hanging from the panel are nine long, looped bronze chains, most ending in a pyramidal or round bell; three end in flat, triangular panels. Size: 2.55" W x 18.25" H (6.5 cm x 46.4 cm); 19.85" H (50.4 cm) on included custom stand.
Tortoise brooches were worn in pairs on the front of a Viking woman's dress, with strings of beads or charms hung between them, attached to the straps of her dress (which was worn over other layers with straps over the shoulder). These chains may have originally been hung between two brooches, but the presence of the bells suggest that they came from another style of brooch. Tortoise brooches tell a fascinating story about who the Vikings were. They have been found throughout the Scandinavian world, in great trade cities like Jorvik (York, England) as well as in rural graves from Russia to the British Isles. Archaeologists have therefore been able to conclude that, in contrast to the traditional image of Vikings as helmeted male warriors conquering foreign shores, Viking women also traveled far and wide, and seem to have had a prominent role both in rural areas and in trade. Their distinctive clothing ornamentation, found in graves, allows us to document their presence.
Provenance: private Ventura County, California, USA collection
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#129165
Condition
Dark green patina on surface. Chain is contemporary to Viking period but was most likely not originally attached to the brooch. Pin is lost.