Egypt, Late Dynastic Period, 26th to 31st Dynasty, ca. 664 to 332 BCE. A wonderful set of cast-leaded-bronze eyes meant to be set into the eye sockets on an ornate sarcophagus lid. Each teardrop-shaped eye has elongated canthi and bronze lids fitted with a hand-carved marble fragment forming the sclera that still bears remains of the black pigment used to delineate the pupil. Eyes like these were placed onto wooden sarcophagus lids as well as mummy masks before burial to allow the soul to 'see' during its journey to the afterlife. Size of largest (left eye): 3" L x 0.875" W (7.6 cm x 2.2 cm); 3.4" H (8.6 cm) on included custom stand.
Ancient Egyptians believed it was of the utmost importance to preserve a body of the deceased, because the soul needed a place to reside after the death. Preservation of the body was done via mummification - a process involving the removal of internal organs that were placed in canopic jars, wrapping the body in linen, and then embalming. The death masks that eyes like these would have adorned were created so that the soul could recognize the body and return to it. For this reason, death masks were made in the likeness of the deceased. The eyes were of course believed to allow the deceased to see following death.
Provenance: ex-estate of Eldert Bontekoe, Pegasi Numismatics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, acquired before 2000
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#158563
Condition
Repairs to area of bottom lid of left eye, interior canthus and corresponding upper and lower interior lid sections of right eye, exterior tip of right marble sclera, and exterior tip of left eyebrow, all with light resurfacing and adhesive residue along break lines; right eyebrow is intact. All items have light encrustations and abrasions, with fading to black pigment on marble fragments. Great patina throughout, and light remains of black pigment on marble sclera fragments.