Egypt, Late Dynastic Period, 26th to 30th Dynasties, ca 672 to 343 BCE. A large ancient black glass amulet in the form of a reclining Anubis depicted in his natural jackal form and mounted on a 20th century gold tone brooch/pin plate. The jackal is shown reclining and in profile, paws forward and head raised, the eyes and inner ears inlayed with lighter-colored glass. In addition to the modern gold mounting, a narrow chain has been added around the jackal's neck. Artists in ancient Egyptian times depicted Anubis as a recumbent canine to show guardianship or attentiveness in homes, sacred sites, and tombs. An exceptional zoomorphic likeness to the revered god of embalming and the dead! Size: 2.125" W x 1.5" H (5.4 cm x 3.8 cm); Total weight: 11.4 grams
Anubis, based on the real animal called the African golden jackal, is a god associated with mummification and the afterlife and is usually depicted as either a canine or a man with a canine head. Like many Egyptian deities, the role of Anubis changed over time. During the First Dynasty, he was a protector of graves and an embalmer. In the Middle Kingdom period, Osiris claimed Anubis' role as lord of the underworld, but Anubis continued to weigh the hearts of the dead against a feather to determine if they were deserving of eternal life.
Anubis is also associated with Wepwawet (Upuaut), an Egyptian god based on the African golden wolf, with grey or white fur in contrast to that of Anubis. Together, they were worshipped at the city of Asyut which was called "Lycopolis" (city of wolves) by the Greeks. In 1895, American traveler William Vaughn Tupper described Asyut: "In the hills seen on the horizon are the tombs of the priests and numberless holes in the rocks once filled with mummies of the Jackal … the hills are now strewn with skulls and bones of the Jackals" (from the William Vaughn Tupper Scrapbook Collection, Boston Public Library).
Cf. Flinders-Petrie, Egyptian Amulets, pl. XXXIX, 231g.
Provenance: private East Coast, USA collection; ex-Heritage Auctions; 16 November 2016, Lot 52036; ex-Wolfshead Galleries and Frank Kovacs inventories, 1990s through 2007; with Edward Gans, 1960s-1980s
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#143622
Condition
Jackal amulet is Late Dynastic. Gold tone brooch pin plate dates to 20th century. Loss to tail, shows very light wear and a couple spots of reddish deposit present on glass, otherwise intact and excellent. Surface wear to the gold tone brooch plate as shown.