Oceania, Papua New Guinea, Middle Sepik River, Iatmul peoples, ca. early 20th century CE. A striking, overmodeled crocodile skull, from a member of the species of the New Guinea crocodile (Crocodylus novaeguineae). An artist has covered the surface in pale red clay and inlaid hundreds, if not thousands, of cowrie shells over the vast majority of the head and mandible. The back of the skull has been left undecorated, though it does seem to have been heated at some point in the past. The artist has used clay and some thick textiles, placed on the inside of the skull, to hold the mandible in place. The overmodeling does not disguise the power of the animal, whose massive teeth hang over the decorated lips. Size: 30" L x 12" W x 9" H (76.2 cm x 30.5 cm x 22.9 cm); the skull comes with a large plexiglass case which is: 34.5" L x 18.5" W x 16.5" H (87.6 cm x 47 cm x 41.9 cm)
The overmodeled style of skull decoration is a nearly unique feature of this region, relating to the tradition of veneration of human ancestor skulls, which were also overmodeled and kept displayed in the Haus Tambaran, an ancestor worship house located in each local community and distinguished by its steeply pointed roof. This skull would have been kept in one as well, perhaps representing an animal that its inhabitants identified as a guiding spirit of their family group.
Provenance: private Newport Beach, California, USA collection; ex-Gene Johnson collection, San Diego, California, USA; ex-Pacific Gallery collection, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, acquired from Papua New Guinea in the late 1900s
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#152643
Condition
Skull has some burn marks near its back end which were probably part of the firing of the clay. One side of the back has a loss from the upper part of the skull, but overall the animal is in very nice condition. Skull, as described above, is held in position with the mandible using clay and textile. A few of the shells are lost but most are in position.