West Africa, Guinea-Bissau, Bissagos Islands, Bidjogo (also Bijogo, Bidyogo, Bidyugo) peoples, ca. first half of the 20th century CE. A sizable wooden helmet mask known as a dugn'be (literally "the ox raised in the village") that emulates the head of an untamed bull. The hollow mask has a spacious interior cavity meant to cover the head of initiates as they perform ritual dances during initiation ceremonies known as the Manratche. The brown-painted bovine presents with a narrow tongue protruding from the open mouth, a crested snout bridge, translucent green glass eyes, trapezoidal ears, and a pair of upturned bull horns projecting from the sides. Dugn'be masks like this example represent the domestication of the untamed bull and therefore the taming of the human initiate who wears the mask. The Bidjogo believe that only initiated members of society can become ancestors upon death since the uninitiated cannot create religious items used for communicating with the spirit realm. Size: 20.375" W x 14" H (51.8 cm x 35.6 cm); 27.375" H (69.5 cm) on included custom stand.
Cf. The Brooklyn Museum of Art, accession number 1992.69.3; also The University of Iowa's Stanley Museum of Art, accession number 2008.25.
Provenance: private New York, New York, USA collection; ex-Arte Primitivo Gallery, New York, New York, USA, 2019; ex-Skinner Auctions, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (sale 3099B, May 5, 2018, lot 225); ex-Mauricio and Emilia Lasansky collection, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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#157757
Condition
A few stable fissures around peripheries, with small area of green-painted in-fill along left cheek, abrasions and chips to glass eyes, horns, snout, and peripheries, and light fading to pigment. Nice smoothness to exterior surfaces and bull horns.