Magna Graecia, Italy, Apulia/Daunian, ca. 4th century BCE. A large polychrome krater with a broad, funneled rim, twin loop handles, and twin bat mask protomes. The body is extensively decorated with a series of straight lines and stylized panels around the body as well as curving lines forming nested hemispheres around the interior of the funnel rim, all delineated in red, black, and cream. As early as the 6th century BCE, Daunia was an extremely wealthy region as is evidenced by the rich grave goods from the urban centers of Canosa, Arpi, and Salapia among others. Daunian pottery while somewhat more rustic compared to black glazed and red figure South Italic Greek pottery is characterized by voluminous rounded forms with geometric and linear patterns in earthen tones as we see in this intriguing example. Size: 9.5" in diameter x 8.875" H (24.1 cm x 22.5 cm)
The ancients compared bats to women in some respects, due to their breasts and the fact that they give birth to only one or rarely two offspring at a time. Bats were also associated with the underworld and death, presumably because of their nocturnal habits and fondness for dark places like cave ceilings. Bats were particularly sacred to Persephone, wife of Hades, and goddess of the underworld. Homer describes the souls of the dead: "Just as inside the corners of a monstrous cave/ bats flit around and squeak when one of them falls down/ out of the cluster on the rock where they cling/ to one another, that is how these spirits squawked as they moved on together." As this vessel was almost certainly made to grace a tomb, the bat symbolism complements its function.
Provenance: ex Howard Rose Gallery, New York, New York, USA; ex private Florida, USA collection, acquired in Switzerland, late 1960s to early 1970s
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#149984
Condition
Intact. Expected surface wear with some pigment loss, nicks, and abraded areas. Nice scattered deposits.