Pre-Columbian, West Mexico, Colima, Protoclassic period, ca. 100 BCE to 250 CE. A large and particularly plump dog effigy vessel, finely-molded in lustrous, highly-burnished redware in a seated pose atop four tubular legs. The rotund belly nearly grazes the ground, with a visible spinal crest along the back, and a short tail curling upward from the posterior. His attentive head boasts a minimalist visage of incised eyes, a conical snout with slit-form nostrils, and a slender mouth, with cupped ears and a cylindrical spout defining the latter half. A beautiful and sizable example replete with character and charm! Size: 5.25" W x 9.75" H (13.3 cm x 24.8 cm).
Scholars know of at least two types of Colima dogs, one to be fattened up and ritually sacrificed or eaten and one to serve as a watchdog and healer of the ill. This plump hairless canine known as a Chichi or Escuintla is thought to be related to the Chihuahua or Mexican Hairless also known as the Xoloitzcuintle. The Xolo dog was named for the deity Xolotl, the God of the Underworld, and believed to guide the deceased as they journeyed to the afterlife. Colima vessels such as this one were buried in shaft tombs to protect the deceased and provide sustenance for eternity.
A stylistically-similar, slightly-larger example hammered for $4,800 at Christie's, New York "Fine Pre Columbian Art" auction (sale 1775, November 21, 2006, lot 147): https://www.christies.com/lotfinder/lot/colima-dog-protoclassic-ca-100-bc--4821182-details.aspx?from=searchresults&intObjectID=4821182&sid=a38f51e7-1700-49c7-a11f-420df96656c5
Provenance: ex-private J.G. collection, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, acquired before 1975
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#139737
Condition
Restoration to one ear with resurfacing and overpainting along break line. Minor abrasions to legs, tail, body, and head, with fading to original pigmentation along body and tail, and light encrustations. Light earthen deposits and manganese blooms throughout.