Southeast Asia, Cambodia, Khmer Empire (Angkor culture), ca. 1000 CE. A striking, hand-carved grey sandstone head of a naga, or mythical hooded serpent. The animal's beady, bulging eyes dominate the face, projecting slightly from the hood above its large, curved snout. The lips are closed, with no teeth visible, but the nostrils are clear, as small spirals on the front of the face. The hood is incised with tiny scales that radiate back from the eyes down the body. This head was one part of a sculpture with six other serpents, representing the giant serpent king Muchilinda, a prominent character in Khmer Buddhism. This figure is carved throughout Cambodian temples, including at Angkor Wat. Size: 5.65" W x 3.5" H (14.4 cm x 8.9 cm); 7" H (17.8 cm) on included custom stand.
Naga cults were popular in Indian, Sri Lankan, and Southeast Asian artwork during this period, but the symbolism is somewhat unclear. Some have proposed that nagas could be symbolic vehicles for elevating the dead - equating to transcendence. That is based on interpretation of artwork from around Angkor Wat and other parts of the Khmer world. Others see the inclusion of the naga as a holdover from earlier symbolic practices. Khmer art moved away from Indian styles in the 7th century CE to encompass its own framework; one example of this seen here is that this statue is carved in the round, rather than as a relief on a stela, which was common with Indian and Javanese Hindu and Buddhist sculptures that were previously influencing Cambodian art. From this, we can infer that Khmer sculptors would have desired their artwork to be viewed from all sides, and thus placed in the center of temples rather than against a wall.
Provenance: ex-private San Francisco, California, USA collection
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#144310
Condition
This piece is a fragment from a larger sculpture, with a rough surface on the neck. Small loss to front of snout.