Pre-Columbian, Colombia, Valle del Cauca, Calima culture, late Ilama or Malagana, ca. 200 BCE to 200 CE. A stunning and expressive funerary mask formed from a single hammered sheet of 88% gold (equivalent to 21K+) with minimalist anthropomorphic features in repousse. The dramatic countenance presents with semicircular eyes, a slender nose with protruding nostrils, tab-shaped ears projecting from the temples, a broad forehead, and a rectangular mouth showcasing twelve tab-shaped teeth. Masks like this example were used to cover the face of a deceased individual prior to burial and the use of gold suggests they were made for those of high wealth and societal status, perhaps a ruler or high-caste warrior. Size: 9.1" W x 5.75" H (23.1 cm x 14.6 cm); 8.8" H (22.4 cm) on included custom stand; quality of gold: 88% (equivalent to 21K+); total weight: 65.8 grams.
Cf. Labbe, Armand J. "Shamans, Gods, and Mythic Beasts: Colombian Gold and Ceramics in Antiquity." The American Federation of Arts, New York and University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1998, p. 160, fig. 128; (for a later example) Julie Jones, ed. "The Art of Precolumbian Gold: The Jan Mitchell Collection." Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1985, pp. 188-189, plate 53.
Provenance: private Hawaii, USA collection; ex-private Houston, Texas, USA collection, acquired between 1982 and 1994
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#159388
Condition
Repairs to large area of forehead and small area near chin, with resurfacing and minor stabilization along break lines. Slight bending to overall form as expected and light abrasions. Wonderful patina throughout and great preservation to facial details.